By Cecep Aminudin and Nadia Astriani, Capacity Building Division Staff, Indonesian Center for

Environmental Law.
The Indonesian Center for Environmental Law (ICEL) has worked for the past two years with the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) and the Ministry of Environment of Indonesia to develop and implement environmental compliance and enforcement policies in Indonesia.

ICEL's goal is to introduce environmental compliance and enforcement strategies at the local level that are consistent with Indonesia's National Strategy on Sustainable Development. In Indonesia, the implementation of a decentralized environmental management system is confronted with an array of obstacles, including:
•    The limited role of the Local Environment Impact Management Agency;
•    The Central Government's dominant role in the creation of new laws and regulations;
•    Underdeveloped environmental compliance and enforcement strategies at the national and

local level;
•    Local regulations which conflict with ECE strategies; and
•    Limited public awareness of the issues.
In response to these problems, the ICEL has focused on developing compliance and enforcement policies from the ground up. Some of there initiatives include creating clear and enforceable environmental laws and regulations at the local level, ensuring that there is adequate infrastructure at the local level to support these laws, and developing these laws within the context of a local compliance and enforcement strategy.
ICEL refers to these prerequisites as analytical tools used to assess local compliance and enforcement capacity. These assessments then become a starting point from which to develop a local environmental compliance and enforcement strategy.
The local strategy on environmental compliance and enforcement incorporates these five approaches: command and control; voluntary programs; economic considerations; behavioral considerations; and the use of public pressure.
The project is being applied in Central Java (www.jawatengah.go.id) with Semarang City as the pilot implementation area. The selection of the area was based on the importance of environmental issues, local experience, the social economic condition, and the long-range effectiveness in implementing environmental compliance and enforcement strategy. See www.icel.or.id for more information about the Indonesian Center for Environmental Law.

sumber, http://www.inece.org/newsletter/10/regional_asia.html